Seed funding that changed everything. In 2006 NASA awarded SpaceX US $396 million under its Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) programme. That cheque helped finish the Falcon 9 rocket and Dragon cargo ship, giving the United States an independent ride to the International Space Station (ISS) after the Shuttle was retired.
From taxi service to Moon lander. In 2021 NASA picked a version of Starship as the Artemis programme’s first human lunar lander—a deal initially worth US $2.9 billion, since topped up by about US $1.15 billion for a second mission.
Launch cadence equals low prices. Frequent flights let SpaceX sell “rideshare” slots for roughly US $6,000 per kilogram—a bargain rival rockets still chase.