A National Blockchain Powering 3,600 TPS & Digital ID

Key Takeaways:

• Vietnam officially launches NDAChain, a national permissioned blockchain platform integrated with key state and enterprise systems.
• Supports 3,600 transactions per second using Proof-of-Authority (PoA) consensus and Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP) for security and privacy.
• Powers digital identity (NDA DID) and product traceability (NDATrace) with cross-border GS1/EBSI compliance.

In a bold move that places it among the global leaders in blockchain infrastructure, Vietnam has officially launched NDAChain, a Layer-1 blockchain platform designed to be the backbone of its digital data ecosystem. This marks a significant milestone in the country’s journey toward decentralized data management and Web3 adoption.

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Vietnam’s Blockchain Leap: Why NDAChain Matters

Vietnam’s digital economy is rapidly evolving, driven by an ambitious government roadmap that emphasizes national data sovereignty and secure infrastructure. The unveiling of NDAChain on July 25, 2025, is not just a technological event but a strategic declaration: Vietnam is here to lead in the Web3 era.

Built and maintained by the Data Innovation and Exploitation Center under the Ministry of Public Security, and developed by the National Data Association (NDA), NDAChain is now officially the trust layer for the country’s National Data Center. The blockchain addresses long-standing issues in centralized data architectures such as limited scalability, data breaches, and poor transparency, by establishing a decentralized, auditable system.

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How NDAChain Works: A Look Under the Hood

Hybrid Architecture: Permissioned, But Scalable

NDAChain runs as a Layer 1 permissioned blockchain, meaning access to operate validator nodes is restricted to approved institutions, yet its infrastructure is designed to serve public needs. At launch, the system is operated by a consortium of 49 validator nodes, including by both government agencies and private companies Zalo, SunGroup, Masan, Sovico, VNVC, and MISA.

Fundamentally, NDAChain utilizes a Proof-of-Authority (PoA) consensus, which favors the speed and trust over decentralization. Augmented by Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKP), the latter applies privacy to transactions on the blockchain, so data verification is not made at the expense of phoning home on the user.

Performance & Throughput

• Transaction Speed: Up to 3,600 TPS (transactions per second)
• Latency: ~0.5 seconds
• Scalability: Designed for national-level infrastructure
• Security: ZKP + validator permissions

Each validator node holds a distributed ledger, can deploy smart contracts, and supports identity verification which are all integrated with Vietnam’s national digital ID system (VNeID).

Use Cases: From e-Government to Supply Chains

Decentralized Identity with NDA DID

One of the largest NDAChain use cases is NDA DID – Decentralized Identity for Vietnam. It permits people to confirm their identity when making transactions over the internet, or when using public services, or when signing digital contracts in a secure way. The entire solution is fully compatible with VNeID and other national-level databases.

NDAKey enables citizens to verify in real-time claims about their identities, an important component of Vietnam’s battle against fraud, impersonation and scams as the country’s economy becomes increasingly digitized.

NDATrace: Global-Ready Product Verification

Vietnam is also pushing to transform its export economy by leveraging NDATrace, a traceability system powered by NDAChain. Each product receives a unique digital passport, a UID compliant with GS1 standards and compatible with the EU’s EBSI system.

This digital certificate traces a product’s journey from production to consumption, enabling:

• Anti-counterfeit verification
• Real-time product tracking
• Consumer transparency
• Integration into global supply chains

By embedding these UIDs as QR codes or RFID chips, manufacturers can register tamper-proof records of a product’s history directly on NDAChain.

Regulatory Backbone and Strategic Goals

The NDAChain rollout is aligned with Vietnam’s National Blockchain Strategy, formalized through Decision No. 1236/QĐ-TTg (2024). The strategy sets ambitious national goals:

• Develop 20 major blockchain platforms
• Establish at least 3 blockchain testing labs
• Rank among Asia’s top 10 blockchain research hubs
• Encourage “Make in Vietnam” tech solutions

With over 20 million crypto users – nearly 20% of the population, Vietnam already ranks among the top 5 globally in crypto adoption, according to Chainalysis. NDAChain is now the government’s flagship Web3 infrastructure piece.

International Context: Following the Global Trend

Vietnam’s launch of NDAChain follows in the footsteps of other major economies:

• China launched BSN, a highly centralized blockchain network.
• The EU’s EBSI focuses on identity harmonization across member states.
• South Korea supports Web3 adoption through Klaytn, a government-supported chain.

Unlike these, Vietnam has adopted a hybrid model: balancing control and performance with open architecture, allowing Layer 2 applications and private-sector innovation on top of a government-backed chain.

Vietnam’s approach:

• Public–Private validator participation
• Integration with existing digital systems (VNeID, NDA DID)
• Adherence to international standards: W3C DID, GDPR, GS1

What’s Next: Roadmap Toward 2026

The government has outlined a phased implementation plan:

• 2025: Full NDAChain integration with National Data Center, rollout to key agencies and state systems
• 2026: Expansion to local governments, academic institutions, and enterprises; launch of Layer 2 services

Future services expected on NDAChain include:

• Blockchain-based e-notarization
• Digital education certificates
• Healthcare records on-chain
• Decentralized logistics tracking
• Regulatory-compliant financial identity tools

These applications are being encouraged through incentives for startups and blockchain developers to build on NDAChain’s infrastructure.