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Tech giant Google has warned that Quantum Computers will be able to break popular encryption protocols by 2029, and that organizations need to ensure they are quantum-proof by then. The move comes as the firm is reportedly achieving substantial success with Willow, its next-generation semiconductor-based quantum processors capable of processing up to 105 qubits.
In a Google blog post, the company outlined recent advancements in hardware development and quantum error correction, as well as estimates of quantum factoring resources. The search giant believes that, as a company, it is responsible for leading by example and providing a reliable timeline for the Quantum migration so that businesses and ecosystems are not adversely affected by such paradigm shifts.
Hasten Shift to Post Quantum Cryptography-Google
The switch to Post Quantum Cryptography (PQC) was the highlight of the blog post, and Google underscored the real threat posed by the groundbreaking computing technology. Encryption and digital signatures are expected to be among the most vulnerable in this scenario. As a result, authentication services will be among the affected areas in the coming years, requiring prompt PQC migration. The company recommends that other engineering teams follow suit.
The blog post also claimed that relevant PQC protocols were adopted in the latest Android 17 upgrade. It reads:
“As an example of our ongoing PQC commitments, Android 17 is integrating PQC digital signature protection using ML-DSA in alignment with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). This continues to put advanced PQC technology directly into the hands of our customers….”
 
Quantum Threat to Bitcoin and Blockchain
While the latest estimate is within earlier predictions of 3-5 years, Twitterati reacted, urging Bitcoin and crypto developers in general to proceed with PQC measures. JP Richardson, the CEO of an RWA tokenization company, tweeted:
Ethereum and Solana are among the biggest blockchain networks to incorporate or propose new PQC measures to help protect their users. The former posted a Post Quantum Ethereum resource the day before yesterday, while the latter proposed a Post Quantum Vault concept that uses a new hash-based signature scheme that generates new keys with each transaction.
However, with these two networks, it is far easier to implement PQC measures due to their relatively centralized decision-making infrastructure. With Bitcoin, the threat is still in the assessment stage, and there is no consensus regarding the future. Proponents like Blockstream CEO Adam Back have repeatedly downplayed advances in QC and stated that no action will be required for decades.
There are proposals like the BIP 360 that will mitigate risks associated with short exposures to Quantum attacks, but progress is still awaited on that front as well.