Crypto platforms in 48 jurisdictions are preparing to collect expanded user tax data ahead of the Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework (CARF) exchange window set for 2027, according to an implementation update published by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The move marks the first coordinated step toward global, automatic sharing of crypto-related tax information.
The OECD paper confirms that jurisdictions targeting 2027 exchanges must have domestic rules and systems ready earlier. As a result, many authorities expect data collection to start from Jan. 1, 2026, giving tax agencies a full year of reportable information before the first exchanges occur.
CARF rollout enters first exchange phase
The OECD update shows that 75 jurisdictions have now committed politically to CARF. However, only 48 plan to join the first exchange wave in 2027, while others target 2028. This split creates a clear timetable for platforms operating across borders.
To meet the 2027 deadline, participating jurisdictions must complete legislation, technical standards, and exchange agreements in advance. The paper highlights that an international legal basis must be in place by September 2027 for jurisdictions exchanging data that year.
In parallel, the OECD confirms that 53 jurisdictions have already signed the CARF Multilateral Competent Authority Agreement, which enables tax authorities to exchange reported data securely. This signals that the legal infrastructure is moving ahead of operational enforcement.
What crypto platforms will need to collect
Under CARF, reporting obligations fall on Reporting Crypto-Asset Service Providers, including exchanges, brokers, and certain wallet operators. These entities must identify users and determine tax residence using self-certification and verification checks.
The framework requires platforms to collect standard identity details linked to tax reporting. These include name, address, jurisdiction of residence, and tax identification numbers, where available. The focus is on aligning crypto reporting with existing global tax transparency rules.
CARF also introduces transaction-level reporting. Platforms must report disposals, exchanges, and certain payments involving crypto assets. The paper notes that retail payment transactions above a USD 50,000 threshold fall under specific reporting rules, with aggregation applied in defined cases.
Why 2026 matters for users and platforms
Although exchanges begin in 2027, 2026 becomes the practical start date for many users. From that point, activity on compliant platforms in first-wave jurisdictions may already be tracked for future reporting.
For platforms, the timeline compresses compliance work into the next year. Systems for onboarding, data storage, and reporting must align across multiple jurisdictions with limited room for delay.
For tax authorities, CARF aims to close long-standing visibility gaps in crypto markets. The OECD frames the framework as a response to the rapid growth of cross-border crypto use, using standardized data rather than country-by-country rules.